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This animation shows two examples of how the cell uses energy from ATP. It is the sixth of six animations about cellular respiration. These animations bring to life the molecular engines inside mitochondria that generate ATP, the main source of chemically stored energy used throughout the body.

This animation shows how the pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme complex converts pyruvate into acetyl-CoA. It is the second of six animations about cellular respiration.

This animation shows how glycolysis converts glucose into pyruvate through a series of enzyme reactions. It is the first of six animations about cellular respiration. These animations bring to life the molecular engines inside mitochondria that generate ATP, the main source of chemically stored energy used throughout the body.

This animation shows how the proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane powers the ATP synthase enzyme to make ATP. It is the fifth of six animations about cellular respiration. These animations bring to life the molecular engines inside mitochondria that generate ATP, the main source of chemically stored energy used throughout the body.

This animation shows how the enzyme complexes of the electron transport chain harvest energy from cofactor molecules to pump protons across the mitochondrial membrane and establish a chemical gradient. It is the fourth of six animations about cellular respiration. These animations bring to life the molecular engines inside mitochondria that generate ATP, the main source of chemically stored energy used throughout the body.

This animation shows the reactions of the citric acid cycle, which splits off carbon atoms and generates energy-rich reduced forms of cofactor molecules. It is the third of six animations about cellular respiration. These animations bring to life the molecular engines inside mitochondria that generate ATP, the main source of chemically stored energy used throughout the body.

This interactive module consists of a virtual Winogradsky column, which can be used to explore the diversity of microbes, microbial metabolic strategies, and geochemical gradients found in sediments.

This tutorial describes the structure and function of the cancer-causing protein BCR-ABL. It also shows how drugs targeting this protein can help treat chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), a cancer of the white blood cells.

This animation explores how carbon enters the atmosphere and can be removed through a series of chemical reactions.

This animation shows how human infants can digest milk using the enzyme lactase.

This animation shows how proteins in the cell are tagged for disposal by ubiquitin and then degraded by the proteasome.

This interactive, modular lab explores how the ELISA method can be used to test blood samples for evidence of certain diseases.