This animation shows how the proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane powers the ATP synthase enzyme to make ATP. It is the third of three animations about cellular respiration.
This animation shows how the enzyme complexes of the electron transport chain harvest energy from cofactor molecules to pump protons across the mitochondrial membrane and establish a chemical gradient. It is the second of three animations about cellular respiration.
This animation shows the reactions of the citric acid cycle, which splits off carbon atoms and generates energy-rich reduced forms of cofactor molecules. It is the first of three animations about cellular respiration.
The added information provided at pause points within the animation Coral Bleaching allows for a richer exploration of coral reefs, symbiosis, and other topics in biology.
Across the U.S. and in Europe, researchers and health officials say they can track the course of a community outbreak of the new coronavirus by studying the waste flushed from its bathrooms. And that can provide a valuable addition to public health tools, they say.
It is rare for a single phenomenon to span a large range of concepts. In this Educator Voices article, professor Holly Basta explains how to utilize our sickle cell resources to teach a variety of topics including the central dogma, gene therapy, Mendelian genetics, and evolution