Trends in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide

Topic
Resource Type
Description
This activity analyzes a figure showing the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration from 1958 to 2023.
Records from polar ice cores show that the natural range of atmospheric CO2 over the last 800,000 years was 170 to 300 parts per million (ppm) by volume. In the early 20th century, scientists began to suspect that CO2 in the atmosphere might be increasing beyond this range due to human activities, such as burning fossil fuels and making changes in land use. At that time, however, there were no clear measurements of this trend. In 1958, Charles David Keeling began measuring atmospheric carbon dioxide at the Mauna Loa Observatory on the big island of Hawaii. This figure is a graph of the observatory’s measurements over time, which is now called the Keeling Curve.
The “Educator Materials” document includes a captioned figure, background information, graph interpretation, and discussion questions. The “Student Handout” includes a captioned figure and background information.
The “Resource Google Folder” link directs to a Google Drive folder of resource documents in the Google Docs format. Not all downloadable documents for the resource may be available in this format. The Google Drive folder is set as “View Only”; to save a copy of a document in this folder to your Google Drive, open that document, then select File → “Make a copy.” These documents can be copied, modified, and distributed online following the Terms of Use listed in the “Details” section below, including crediting BioInteractive.
Student Learning Targets
- Analyze and interpret data from a scientific figure.
- Describe recent patterns and trends in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations.
Estimated Time
Key Terms
global warming, greenhouse gas, Keeling Curve, line graph
Primary Literature
“The Keeling Curve,” Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego, accessed March 24, 2023, https://scripps.ucsd.edu/programs/keelingcurve/.
Terms of Use
The resource is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license. No rights are granted to use HHMI’s or BioInteractive’s names or logos independent from this Resource or in any derivative works.
Accessibility Level (WCAG compliance)
Version History
NGSS (2013)
HS-LS2-5, HS-ESS2-6, HS-ESS3-5; SEP2, SEP4, SEP5
AP Biology (2019)
SYI-2.B; SP1, SP4
IB Biology (2016)
C.3
AP Environmental Science (2020)
Topic(s): 1.4, 5.2, 6.5, 7.4, 9.4
Learning Objectives & Practices: ERT-1.D, EIN-2.B, ENG-3.E, STB-2.D, STB-4.E, SP2, SP4, SP6
IB Environmental Systems and Societies (2017)
6.1
Common Core (2010)
ELA.RST.9-12.7
Math.S-ID.3, Math.S-IC.1; MP2, MP5
Vision and Change (2009)
CC5; DP2, DP3