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Sodium Channel Evolution in Electric Fish

Topic
  • Genetics
  • Gene Expression & Regulation
  • Anatomy & Physiology
  • Nervous & Endocrine Systems
  • Evolution
  • Phylogeny
  • Science Practices
  • Graph Interpretation
Resource Type
  • Activities
  • Data Points
Level
High School — GeneralHigh School — AP/IBCollege
Favorited By
5 Users
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Description

This activity guides the analysis of a published scientific figure from a study that investigated how gene duplication contributed to the evolution of electric fish.

Electric fish use electrical signals for navigating their environments, communicating with other electric fish, or even defending against predators and stunning prey. The fish produce electricity through a special organ that generates very fast action potentials. This ability may have evolved through the duplication and mutation of certain sodium channel genes. This figure compares the expression patterns of several sodium channel genes among three groups of fish, including two different groups of electric fish.   The “Educator Materials” document includes a captioned figure, background information, graph interpretation, and discussion questions. The “Student Handout” includes a captioned figure and background information.

The “Resource Google Folder” link directs to a Google Drive folder of resource documents in the Google Docs format. Not all downloadable documents for the resource may be available in this format. The Google Drive folder is set as “View Only”; to save a copy of a document in this folder to your Google Drive, open that document, then select File → “Make a copy.” These documents can be copied, modified, and distributed online following the Terms of Use listed in the “Details” section below, including crediting BioInteractive.

Student Learning Targets
  • Analyze and interpret data from a scientific figure. 
  • Compare and interpret patterns of gene expression among species.
  • Describe how gene duplication can contribute to the evolution of new phenotypes.
Details
Estimated Time
Within one 50-minute class period.
Key Terms

action potential, bar graph, electricity, error bar, gene duplication, ion channel, muscle, neuron, phylogenetic tree, standard deviation

Primary Literature

Thompson, Ammon, Daniel T. Infield, Adam R. Smith, G. Troy Smith, Christopher A. Ahern, and Harold H. Zakon. “Rapid evolution of a voltage-gated sodium channel gene in a lineage of electric fish leads to a persistent sodium current.” PLoS Biology 16, 3 (2018): e2004892. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2004892.

Terms of Use

The resource is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license. No rights are granted to use HHMI’s or BioInteractive’s names or logos independent from this Resource or in any derivative works.

Accessibility Level

The documents for this resource meet accessibility standards in accordance with the final rule for Section 508 of the National Rehabilitation Act.
Version History
Date Published 02.07.19
Date Updated 04.29.20
Curriculum Connections
NGSS (2013)

HS-LS3-1, HS-LS4-5; SEP2, SEP4, SEP5

AP Biology (2019)

EVO-3.C, IST-5.A; SP1, SP4

IB Biology (2016)

3.1, 5.1, 5.4

Common Core (2010)

ELA.RST.9-12.7
Math.S-ID.6, Math.S-IC.4; MP2, MP5

Vision and Change (2009)

CC1, CC2; DP2, DP3

Materials
Resource Google Folder (link)
Educator Materials (PDF) 838 KB
Student Handout (PDF) 444 KB

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