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How Giant Tube Worms Survive at Hydrothermal Vents

Topic

  • Microbiology
  • Bacteria
  • Microbial Ecology
  • Anatomy & Physiology
  • Zoology

Resource Type

  • Videos
  • Animated Shorts

Level

High School — GeneralHigh School — AP/IBCollege

Duration

00:10:20
Saved By
14 Users
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Description

This short video explores the symbiotic relationship between giant tube worms and species of chemosynthetic bacteria.

In 1977, scientists discovered a diverse community of organisms inhabiting the deep-sea hydrothermal vents of the Pacific Ocean, where there is no sunlight. The sources of energy in these ecosystems are hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and other inorganic chemicals that are abundant in the water that rises from the vents. Some species of bacteria can use these inorganic compounds in chemical reactions to produce sugar and other organic molecules in a process called chemosynthesis. Scientists discovered that some animals living near hydrothermal vents, such as the giant tube worm, Riftia pachyptila, have a symbiotic relationship with species of chemosynthetic bacteria, which allows these animals to survive deep in the ocean.

This video is part of the series I Contain Multitudes, hosted by science journalist Ed Yong.

Key Terms

chemosynthesis, energy, marine biology, mutualism, oceanography, sulfur oxidation, symbiosis, trophosome

Primary Literature

Cavanaugh, Colleen M. “Microbial symbiosis: Patterns of diversity in the marine environment.” American Zoology 34, 1 (1994): 79–89. https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/34.1.79.

Terms of Use

Please see the Terms of Use for information on how this resource can be used.

Accessibility Level (WCAG compliance)

PDF files meet criteria. Video files meet criteria.

Version History

Date Published 12.13.17
Date Updated 12.13.17

NGSS (2013)

HS-LS1.C, HS-LS2.A, HS-LS2.B

AP Biology (2019)

ENE-1, ENE-4

IB Biology (2016)

2.9, 4.1, 4.2

AP Environmental Science (2020)

Topic(s): 1.1, 1.4

IB Environmental Systems and Societies (2017)

2.1, 2.3

Vision and Change (2009)

CC2

Materials

Abbreviated Film Guide (PDF) 242 KB
Transcript (PDF) 276 KB

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