The Breathing Biosphere and Human Contribution
Description
In this Click & Learn, students explore factors that contribute to patterns seen in the Keeling Curve: a continuous record of atmospheric CO2 starting in 1958, as measured at the Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii. The Click & Learn includes the actual data from Mauna Loa.
The first tab, "Natural Processes," focuses on the processes of respiration and photosynthesis. Students adjust parameters in a model of these processes to match the model with data from Mauna Loa. The second tab, "Human Contribution," shows the original data from Mauna Loa. Students adjust a human contribution parameter in the model to match the Keeling curve.
The accompanying “Student Worksheet” guides students’ exploration. The “Educator Materials” document includes additional guidance and implementation suggestions.
The “Resource Google Folder” link directs to a Google Drive folder of resource documents in the Google Docs format. Not all downloadable documents for the resource may be available in this format. The Google Drive folder is set as “View Only”; to save a copy of a document in this folder to your Google Drive, open that document, then select File → “Make a copy.” These documents can be copied, modified, and distributed online following the Terms of Use listed in the “Details” section below, including crediting BioInteractive.
Student Learning Targets
- Use a simulator to adjust the parameters in a model to match observed CO2 levels.
- Describe processes that add CO2 to and remove it from the atmosphere, respectively.
- Use model fitting to estimate anthropogenic inputs of CO2 to the atmosphere.
Estimated Time
Key Terms
biosphere, carbon cycle, carbon dioxide (CO2), climate change, Keeling Curve, Mauna Loa, photosynthesis, respiration, seasonal variation
Primary Literature
Keeling, C. D., S. C. Piper, R. B. Bacastow, M. Wahlen, T. P. Whorf, M. Heimann, and H. A. Meijer. “Exchanges of atmospheric CO2 and 13CO2 with the terrestrial biosphere and oceans from 1978 to 2000.” I. Global Aspects. UC San Diego: Library – Scripps Digital Collection (2001). https://escholarship.org/uc/item/09v319r9.
Terms of Use
The resource is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license. No rights are granted to use HHMI’s or BioInteractive’s names or logos independent from this Resource or in any derivative works.
Accessibility Level (WCAG compliance)
Version History
NGSS 2013
HS-LS2-5; SEP2
AP Biology 2019
SYI-2.B; SP2, SP4
IB Biology 2016
4.3, 4.4
AP Environmental Science 2020
Topic(s): 1.4, 7.4, 9.4
Learning Objectives & Practices: ERT-1.D, STB-2.D; SP2, SP5
IB Environmental Systems and Societies 2017
1.2, 7.2
Vision and Change 2009
CC5